171 lines
3.9 KiB
Groff
171 lines
3.9 KiB
Groff
.Dd April 8, 2018
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.Dt SORT 1
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm sort
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.Nd sort lines of text
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm
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.Op Fl CcmRruVz
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.Op Fl o Ar path
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.Ar
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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.Nm
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reads lines of text from the standard input and writes the lines in sorted order
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to the standard output.
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If files are specified, the input is the concatenated content of the files read
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in sequential order.
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The
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.Ar file
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path can be set to
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.Sq -
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to specify the standard input.
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The lines are compared according to the current locale's collating rules.
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.Pp
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The options are as follows:
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.Bl -tag -width "12345678"
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.It Fl c, \-check, \-check=diagnose-first
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Check whether the input is already sorted.
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If a line is out of order (or an equal line is found if
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.Fl u ) ,
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write an error describing which line was out of
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order and exit 1.
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.It Fl C, \-check=quiet, \-check=silent
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Same as
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.Fl c ,
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but write no error to the standard output about the input being out of order.
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.It Fl m, \-merge
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Merge the presorted input files into a sorted output.
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.It Fl o Ar path , Fl \-output Ns = Ns Ar path
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After reading the full input; write the output to the file at
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.Pa path
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(creating it if it does not already exist, discarding its previous contents if
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it already existed).
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The output file can be one of the input files.
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This option is incompatible with
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.Fl C
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and
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.Fl c .
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.It Fl R , \-random-sort
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Sort the lines randomly with a uniform distribution, where all permutations are
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equally likely.
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This option is incompatible with
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.Fl C
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and
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.Fl c .
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If
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.Fl u ,
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don't write duplicate lines to the output.
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.It Fl r , \-reverse
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Compare the lines in reverse order.
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.It Fl u , \-unique
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Don't write a line if it is equal to the previous line.
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.It Fl V , \-version-sort
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Sort according to the version string, per
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.Xr strverscmp 3 .
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.It Fl z , \-zero-terminated
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Lines are delimited with the NUL byte (0) instead of the newline byte (10).
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.El
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.Sh IMPLEMENTATION NOTES
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In the event of an input error,
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.Nm
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will write an error to the standard error and exit unsuccessfully.
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.Pp
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.Nm
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reads the whole input into memory, rather than storing intermediate sorting
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steps in the filesystem, and requires enough memory to store a copy of the whole
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input.
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.Sh ENVIRONMENT
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.Bl -tag -width "LC_COLLATE"
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.It Dv LANG
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The default locale for locale variables that are unset or null.
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.It Dv LC_ALL
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Overrides all the other locale variables if set.
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.It Dv LC_COLLATE
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Compare the input according to this locale's collating rules using
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.Xr strcoll 3 .
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.El
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.Sh EXIT STATUS
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.Nm
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will exit 0 on success, exit 1 if the input was out of order when
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.Fl C
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or
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.Fl c ,
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or exit 2 (or higher) otherwise.
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.Sh EXAMPLES
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Read lines from the standard input and write them in sorted order to the
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standard output:
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.Bd -literal
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sort < input > output
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.Ed
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.Pp
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Read lines from the three specified files (where the second happens to be the
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standard input) and write them in sorted to the standard output:
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.Bd -literal
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grep pattern lines.txt | sort foo - bar -o output.txt
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.Ed
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.Pp
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Sort the input file if it isn't already sorted:
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.Bd -literal
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if sort -C file; [ $? = 1 ]; then
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sort file -o file
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fi
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.Ed
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.Pp
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Remove duplicate lines from the input by sorting it and removing lines equal to
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the previous line:
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.Bd -literal
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sort -u
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.Ed
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr cat 1 ,
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.Xr comm 1 ,
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.Xr join 1 ,
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.Xr uniq 1 ,
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.Xr qsort 3 ,
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.Xr strcoll 3 ,
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.Xr strverscmp 3
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.Sh STANDARDS
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.Nm
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is standardized in
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.St -p1003.1-2008 ,
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which is currently partially implemented in this implementation of
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.Nm .
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.Pp
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The
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.Fl R , V ,
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and
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.Fl z
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options, as well as the long options, are extensions also found in GNU
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coreutils.
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.Pp
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Unlike GNU coreutils,
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.Fl R
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will not remove duplicates unless
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.Fl u
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is passed.
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.Pp
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As an extension, the
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.Fl C
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and
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.Fl c
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options support multiple input files.
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.Sh BUGS
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The
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.St -p1003.1-2008
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options
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.Fl b ,
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.Fl d ,
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.Fl f ,
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.Fl i ,
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.Fl k ,
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.Fl n ,
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and
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.Fl t
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are not currently implemented.
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.Pp
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The
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.Fl m
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option is not currently taken advantage of to speed up the sorting, rather the
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presorted input files are sorted all over again.
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