diff --git a/rowbot b/rowbot
index fe5c975..7d28be7 100755
--- a/rowbot
+++ b/rowbot
@@ -273,61 +273,61 @@ recv() {
 ###
 
 on_ERROR() {
-  error "${params[0]}"
+  error "${args[0]}"
   exit
 }
 
 on_JOIN() {
-  info "%s has joined %s" "$from" "${params[0]}"
+  info "%s has joined %s" "$from" "${args[0]}"
 }
 
 on_MODE() {
-  if (( ${#params[@]} == 2 )); then
-    info "%s sets mode(s) %s on %s" "$from" "${params[1]}" "${params[0]}"
-  elif (( ${#params[@]} > 2 )); then
-    info "%s: %s sets mode(s) %s" "${params[0]}" "$from" "${params[*]:1}"
+  if (( ${#args[@]} == 2 )); then
+    info "%s sets mode(s) %s on %s" "$from" "${args[1]}" "${args[0]}"
+  elif (( ${#args[@]} > 2 )); then
+    info "%s: %s sets mode(s) %s" "${args[0]}" "$from" "${args[*]:1}"
   fi
 }
 
 on_NICK() {
   if [[ $from = "$nick" ]]; then
-    nick=${params[0]}
+    nick=${args[0]}
   fi
 
-  info "%s has changed their name to %s" "$from" "${params[0]}"
+  info "%s has changed their name to %s" "$from" "${args[0]}"
 }
 
 on_NOTICE() {
-  info "[%s/%s] %s" "$from" "${params[0]}" "${params[1]}"
+  info "[%s/%s] %s" "$from" "${args[0]}" "${args[1]}"
 }
 
 on_PART() {
-  if (( ${#params[@]} > 1 )); then
-    info "%s has left %s: %s" "$from" "${params[0]}" "${params[1]}"
+  if (( ${#args[@]} > 1 )); then
+    info "%s has left %s: %s" "$from" "${args[0]}" "${args[1]}"
   else
-    info "%s has left %s" "$from" "${params[0]}"
+    info "%s has left %s" "$from" "${args[0]}"
   fi
 }
 
 on_PING() {
-  pong "${params[1]}"
-  debug "received ping: %s" "${params[0]}"
+  pong "${args[1]}"
+  debug "received ping: %s" "${args[0]}"
 }
 
 on_PONG() {
-  debug "received pong: %s" "${params[1]}"
+  debug "received pong: %s" "${args[1]}"
 }
 
 on_PRIVMSG() {
-  info "<%s/%s> %s" "$from" "${params[0]}" "${params[1]}"
+  info "<%s/%s> %s" "$from" "${args[0]}" "${args[1]}"
 }
 
 on_QUIT() {
-  info "%s has disconnected: %s" "$from" "${params[0]}"
+  info "%s has disconnected: %s" "$from" "${args[0]}"
 }
 
 on_001() {
-  info %s "${params[1]}"
+  info %s "${args[1]}"
 
   if [[ $chan ]]; then
     join "$chan"
@@ -343,21 +343,21 @@ on_001() {
   } &
 
   alarm_pid=$!
-  nick=${params[0]}
+  nick=${args[0]}
   registered=yes
   who "$nick" %%uht,42
 }
 
 on_002() {
-  info %s "${params[1]}"
+  info %s "${args[1]}"
 }
 
 on_003() {
-  info %s "${params[1]}"
+  info %s "${args[1]}"
 }
 
 on_004() {
-  debug "%s " "${params[@]:1}"
+  debug "%s " "${args[@]:1}"
 }
 
 declare -A isupport
@@ -365,7 +365,7 @@ declare -A isupport
 on_005() {
   local param key value
 
-  for param in "${params[@]:1:${#params[@]}-2}"; do
+  for param in "${args[@]:1:${#args[@]}-2}"; do
     # This is a valid assignment, not a comparison.
     # shellcheck disable=SC1097
     IFS== read -r key value <<< "$param"
@@ -378,81 +378,81 @@ on_005() {
 }
 
 on_250() {
-  info %s "${params[1]}"
+  info %s "${args[1]}"
 }
 
 on_251() {
-  info %s "${params[1]}"
+  info %s "${args[1]}"
 }
 
 on_252() {
-  info "There are %d operators online" "${params[1]}"
+  info "There are %d operators online" "${args[1]}"
 }
 
 on_253() {
-  info "There are %d unknown connections" "${params[1]}"
+  info "There are %d unknown connections" "${args[1]}"
 }
 
 on_254() {
-  info "There are %d channels formed" "${params[1]}"
+  info "There are %d channels formed" "${args[1]}"
 }
 
 on_255() {
-  info %s "${params[1]}"
+  info %s "${args[1]}"
 }
 
 on_265() {
-  info %s "${params[3]}"
+  info %s "${args[3]}"
 }
 
 on_266() {
-  info %s "${params[3]}"
+  info %s "${args[3]}"
 }
 
 on_315() {
-  debug "end of WHO for %s" "${params[1]}"
+  debug "end of WHO for %s" "${args[1]}"
 }
 
 on_332() {
-  info "topic for %s is %s" "${params[1]}" "${params[2]}"
+  info "topic for %s is %s" "${args[1]}" "${args[2]}"
 }
 
 on_333() {
   local date
-  printf -v date '%(%c)T' "${params[3]}"
-  info "topic for %s set by %s at %s" "${params[1]}" "${params[2]}" "$date"
+  printf -v date '%(%c)T' "${args[3]}"
+  info "topic for %s set by %s at %s" "${args[1]}" "${args[2]}" "$date"
 }
 
 on_353() {
-  info "members of %s: %s" "${params[2]}" "${params[3]}"
+  info "members of %s: %s" "${args[2]}" "${args[3]}"
 }
 
 on_354() {
-  if (( params[1] == 42 )); then
+  if (( args[1] == 42 )); then
     debug "received the identifying who"
-    ident=${params[2]} host=${params[3]}
+    ident=${args[2]} host=${args[3]}
     debug "ident=%s host=%s" "$ident" "$host"
   fi
 }
 
 on_366() {
-  debug "%s: end of NAMES list" "${params[1]}"
+  debug "%s: end of NAMES list" "${args[1]}"
 }
 
 on_372() {
-  info %s "${params[1]}"
+  info %s "${args[1]}"
 }
 
 on_375() {
-  debug %s "${params[1]}"
+  debug %s "${args[1]}"
 }
 
 on_376() {
-  debug %s "${params[1]}"
+  debug %s "${args[1]}"
 }
 
 on_433() {
-  info "somebody is already using %s" "${params[1]}"
+  info "somebody is already using %s" "${args[1]}"
 
   if [[ $registered = no ]]; then
     nick "${nick}_"
@@ -460,7 +460,7 @@ on_433() {
 }
 
 on_473() {
-  error "%s: %s" "${params[1]}" "${params[2]}"
+  error "%s: %s" "${args[1]}" "${args[2]}"
 }
 
 ###
@@ -552,24 +552,24 @@ who() {
 ##
 
 hook_pre_PRIVMSG_CTCP() {
-  if [[ ${params[1]} != $'\x01'*$'\x01' ]]; then
+  if [[ ${args[1]} != $'\x01'*$'\x01' ]]; then
     return 0
   fi
 
   local cmd msg
-  cmd=${params[1]#$'\x01'} cmd=${cmd%% *}
-  msg=${params[1]#* } msg=${msg%$'\x01'}
+  cmd=${args[1]#$'\x01'} cmd=${cmd%% *}
+  msg=${args[1]#* } msg=${msg%$'\x01'}
 
   if [[ ${cmd^^} = ACTION ]]; then
-    if [[ ${params[0]:0:1} = \# ]]; then
-      info "ctcp: %s: %s %s" "${params[0]}" "$from" "$msg"
+    if [[ ${args[0]:0:1} = \# ]]; then
+      info "ctcp: %s: %s %s" "${args[0]}" "$from" "$msg"
     else
       info "privately, %s %s" "$from" "$msg"
     fi
 
     return 1
-  elif [[ ${params[0]:0:1} = \# ]]; then
-    info "ctcp: %s has requested %s in %s" "$from" "${cmd^^}" "${params[0]}"
+  elif [[ ${args[0]:0:1} = \# ]]; then
+    info "ctcp: %s has requested %s in %s" "$from" "${cmd^^}" "${args[0]}"
     return 1
   fi
 
@@ -581,7 +581,7 @@ hook_pre_PRIVMSG_CTCP() {
     ;;
   PING)
     local msg
-    msg=${params[1]#* } msg=${msg%$'\x01'}
+    msg=${args[1]#* } msg=${msg%$'\x01'}
     notice "$from" $'\x01'"PING $msg"$'\x01'
     ;;
   SOURCE)
@@ -597,156 +597,128 @@ hook_pre_PRIVMSG_CTCP() {
   return 1
 }
 
-hook_post_PRIVMSG_factoids() {
-  if [[ ${params[0]:0:1} != \# && $from != shikhin ]]; then
-    return 0
-  elif [[ ${words[0]} = "$trigger"* ]]; then
-    local to=${params[0]}
+hook_cmd_factoids() {
+  local key val facts msg
 
-    if [[ ${params[0]:0:1} != \# ]]; then
-      to=$from
-    fi
+  case $action in
+  is)
+    key=${action_line%% *}
 
-    case ${words[0]:${#trigger}} in
-    is)
-      if (( ${#words[@]} < 3 )); then
-        return 0
-      fi
-
-      local key val
-      key=${params[1]#*"$trigger"is} key=${key# }
-      val=${key#* } key=${key%% *}
-
-      info "%s said in %s to remember %s as %s" "$from" "${params[0]}" "$key" "$val"
-      privmsg "$to" "I'm sure I'll remember that."
-      mkdir -p "$fact_root"/"${params[0]}"
-      printf %s "$val" > "$fact_root"/"${params[0]}"/"$key"
-      ;;
-    isnt)
-      if (( ${#words[@]} < 2 )); then
-        return 0
-      fi
-
-      local key
-      key=${params[1]#*"$trigger"isnt} key=${key# }
-
-      if [[ -f $fact_root/${params[0]}/$key ]]; then
-        info "%s said in %s to delete %s" "$from" "${params[0]}" "$key"
-        privmsg "$to" "I forgot what that was anyways."
-        rm -f "$fact_root"/"${params[0]}"/"$key"
-      fi
-      ;;
-    ls)
-      local facts=( "$fact_root"/"${params[0]}"/* )
-      privmsg "$to" "${facts[*]##*/}"
-      ;;
-    *)
-      local key=${words[0]:${#trigger}}
-
-      if [[ -f $fact_root/${params[0]}/$key ]]; then
-        local msg
-        msg=$(<"$fact_root"/"${params[0]}"/"$key")
-
-        if (( ${#words[@]} > 1 )) && [[ ${words[1]} = \> ]]; then
-          local target
-          target=${params[1]#*\>} target=${target# } target=${target% }
-          privmsg "$to" "$target: $msg"
-        else
-          privmsg "$to" "$from: $msg"
-        fi
-      fi
-    esac
-  fi
-}
-
-hook_post_PRIVMSG_control_panel() {
-  if [[ ${words[0]} = "$trigger"* ]]; then
-    if [[ $from != "$owner" && $dev != yes ]]; then
+    if [[ $key = "$action_line" ]]; then
+      privmsg "$to" "$from: no fact provided"
       return 0
     fi
 
-    local to=${params[0]}
-
-    if [[ ${params[0]:0:1} != \# ]]; then
-      to=$from
+    val=${action_line#"$key" }
+    privmsg "$to" "I'm sure I'll remember that."
+    mkdir -p "$fact_root"/"$to"
+    printf %s "$val" > "$fact_root"/"$to"/"$key"
+    ;;
+  isnt)
+    if [[ -f $fact_root/$to/$action_line ]]; then
+      privmsg "$to" "I forgot what that was anyways."
+      rm -f "$fact_root"/"$to"/"$action_line"
     fi
+    ;;
+  ls)
+    facts=( "$fact_root"/"$to"/* )
+    privmsg "$to" "${facts[*]##*/}"
+    ;;
+  *)
+    if [[ -f $fact_root/$to/$action ]]; then
+      msg=$(<"$fact_root"/"$to"/"$action")
 
-    case ${words[0]:${#trigger}} in
-    raw)
-      local cmd
-      cmd=${params[1]#"$trigger"raw} cmd=${cmd# }
-      info "%s is executing command: %s" "$from" "$cmd"
-      send "$cmd"
-      ;;
-    join)
-      join "${words[1]}"
-      privmsg "$to" "joined ${words[1]}"
-      ;;
-    reload)
-      reload_vars=(
-        nick ident host level log log_fd alarm_pid tls_pid in_sock
-        out_sock sock_dir sys_root fact_root dev trigger registered
-        keep_trying desired_nick to
-      )
-
-      for env_var in "${reload_vars[@]}"; do
-        export "${env_var^^}"="${!env_var}"
-      done
-
-      privmsg "$to" "reloading..."
-      exec "$0" --reload "${original_args[@]}"
-      ;;
-    level)
-      level=${words[1]}
-      privmsg "$to" "log level is now set to $level"
-      ;;
-    dev)
-      if [[ $dev = yes ]]; then
-        dev=no
-        privmsg "$to" "developer status disabled"
+      if [[ ${action_args[0]} = \> ]] && (( ${#action_args[@]} > 1 )); then
+        # Since it is assigning the last index of the array, it will always be a
+        # single string.
+        # shellcheck disable=SC2145
+        privmsg "$to" "${action_args[@]:(-1)}: $msg"
       else
-        dev=yes
-        privmsg "$to" "developer status enabled"
+        privmsg "$to" "$from: $msg"
       fi
-      ;;
-    dev\?)
-      if [[ $dev = yes ]]; then
-        privmsg "$to" "developer status is enabled"
-      else
-        privmsg "$to" "developer status is disabled"
-      fi
-      ;;
-    trigger)
-      if (( ${#words[@]} > 1 )); then
-        trigger=${words[1]}
-        privmsg "$to" "trigger is now $trigger"
-      fi
-      ;;
-    msg)
-      if (( ${words[@]} > 2 )); then
-        privmsg "${words[1]}" "${words[*]:2}"
-        privmsg "$to" "sent message to ${words[1]}"
-      fi
-      ;;
-    cycle)
-      if [[ ${to:0:1} = \# ]]; then
-        privmsg "$to" "cycling channel $to"
-        part "$to" "be back soon!"
-        join "$to"
-      fi
-    esac
+    fi
+  esac
+}
+
+hook_cmd_control_panel() {
+  if [[ $from != "$owner" && $dev != yes ]]; then
+    return 0
   fi
+
+  local channel env_var reload_vars recipient msg
+
+  case $action in
+  raw)
+    info "%s is executing command: %s" "$from" "$action_line"
+    send "$action_line"
+    ;;
+  join)
+    for channel in "${action_args[@]}"; do
+      join "$channel"
+      privmsg "$to" "joined $channel"
+    done
+    ;;
+  reload)
+    reload_vars=(
+      nick ident host level log log_fd alarm_pid tls_pid in_sock
+      out_sock sock_dir sys_root fact_root dev trigger registered
+      keep_trying desired_nick to
+    )
+
+    for env_var in "${reload_vars[@]}"; do
+      export "${env_var^^}"="${!env_var}"
+    done
+
+    privmsg "$to" "reloading..."
+    exec "$0" --reload "${original_args[@]}"
+    ;;
+  level)
+    level=${action_args[0]}
+    privmsg "$to" "log level is now set to $level"
+    ;;
+  dev)
+    if [[ $dev = yes ]]; then
+      dev=no
+      privmsg "$to" "developer mode disabled"
+    else
+      dev=yes
+      privmsg "$to" "developer mode enabled"
+    fi
+    ;;
+  dev\?)
+    if [[ $dev = yes ]]; then
+      privmsg "$to" "developer mode is enabled"
+    else
+      privmsg "$to" "developer mode is disabled"
+    fi
+    ;;
+  trigger)
+    trigger=${action_args[0]}
+    privmsg "$to" "trigger is now '$trigger'"
+    ;;
+  cycle)
+    privmsg "$to" "cycling channel $to"
+    part "$to" "be right back!"
+    join "$to"
+    ;;
+  msg)
+    recipient=${action_line%% *}
+    msg=${action_line#"$recipient"* }
+    declare -p recipient msg action_line
+    privmsg "$recipient" "$msg"
+    privmsg "$to" "sent message to $recipient"
+  esac
 }
 
 hook_post_433_alternick() {
   if [[ -z $desired_nick && $registered = no ]]; then
-    desired_nick=${params[1]}
+    desired_nick=${args[1]}
     keep_trying=yes
   fi
 }
 
 hook_post_NICK_alternick() {
-  if [[ ${params[0]} = "$desired_nick" ]]; then
+  if [[ ${args[0]} = "$desired_nick" ]]; then
     keep_trying=no
     info "obtained nick %s" "$desired_nick"
   fi
@@ -765,9 +737,23 @@ else
   user "$ident" "$realname"
 fi
 
+# Always available:
+#   - from: name of the entity sending the message
+#   - ident: username of the entity sending the message
+#   - host: host of the entity sending the message
+#   - cmd: IRC command or numeric
+#   - args: array of arguments to the command
+
+# Available if `cmd` is set to "privmsg":
+#   - to: location to send the message back to
+
+# Additionally, if args[-1] starts with the trigger:
+#   - action: directive specified by the sender
+#   - action_line: data sent by the sender without the trigger or action
+#   - action_args: words sent by the sender without the trigger or action
+
 while recv line; do
-  params=( )
-  has_words=no
+  args=( )
   orig_line=$line
 
   if [[ ${line:0:1} = : ]]; then
@@ -783,20 +769,33 @@ while recv line; do
 
   while [[ $line ]]; do
     if [[ ${line:0:1} = : ]]; then
-      params+=("${line:1}")
+      args+=( "${line:1}" )
       line=""
-      has_words=yes
     else
-      param=${line%% *}
-      params+=("$param")
-      line=${line#"$param"} line=${line# }
+      arg=${line%% *}
+      args+=( "$arg" )
+      line=${line#"$arg"} line=${line# }
     fi
   done
 
-  if [[ $has_words = yes ]]; then
-    read -ra words <<< "${params[@]:(-1)}"
-  else
-    words=( )
+  is_action=no
+
+  if [[ ${cmd^^} = PRIVMSG ]]; then
+    # Since it is assigning the last index of the array, it will always be a
+    # single string.
+    # shellcheck disable=SC2124
+    to=${args[0]} last=${args[@]:(-1)}
+
+    if [[ ${to:0:1} != \# ]]; then
+      to=$from
+    fi
+
+    if [[ $last = "$trigger"* ]]; then
+      is_action=yes
+      action=${last#"$trigger"} action=${action%% *}
+      action_line=${last#"$trigger$action" }
+      read -ra action_args <<< "$action_line"
+    fi
   fi
 
   skip_handler=0
@@ -806,17 +805,23 @@ while recv line; do
     (( skip_handler |= $? ))
   done < <(compgen -A function "hook_pre_${cmd^^}_")
 
-  if hash "on_${cmd^^}" 2>/dev/null; then
+  if has "on_${cmd^^}"; then
     if (( ! skip_handler )); then
       "on_${cmd^^}"
     else
       debug "handler for %s was skipped" "${cmd^^}"
     fi
   else
-    warn "unhandled line: %s" "$orig_line"
+   warn "unhandled line: %s" "$orig_line"
   fi
 
   while IFS= read -r hook; do
     "$hook"
   done < <(compgen -A function "hook_post_${cmd^^}_")
+
+  if [[ $is_action = yes ]]; then
+    while IFS= read -r hook; do
+      "$hook"
+    done < <(compgen -A function "hook_cmd_")
+  fi
 done